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I. A. SALMON. DENTAL INSTRUMENT.

Patented Feb. 26, 1867.

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IMPROVEMENT IN DENTAL INSTRUMENTS.

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Be it known that I, IRA A, SALMorLof Boston, in the county of Suflolk, and State of Massachusetts, have made a new and useful improved Automatic Dental Mallet; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact deseriptlc-n of the nature, construction, and operation of the same, sufficient-to enable one skilled in the art to which it appcrtains to construct and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which is made part of this specification, and in which Figure lis a general longitudinal section, parts beingshown in elevation, with a portion of the casing removed. f

Figures 2 and 3 are elevations of one of the pluggers.

Figure 4 is a'detached view of the spring whose catch lifts the hammer, the release of the catch permitting the hammbr to drop under the impulse of thespring.

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the parts involved in the regulation of the hammer spring.

Figure 6 is a section of the hammer, showing its vulcanite face.

Theinstrument consists of a case containing a hammer, to the end of which a piece-of hard rubber is secured, and which is raised by the engagement of a spring catch on the spindle as the plugger on the latter is pressed against the metal filling in the tooth, the catch being disengaged at a. certain point, and the spring hammer being thrown down by a spring on to the shoulder of the spindle. The central spindle may have a plugger socketed in each end, one ofwhich tools is operated by a thrust, and the other (being of a hooked shape) by a pull, the respective motions having a like effect upon the hammer and upon the respective faces of the tools, whichare sresentcdirrthe-same'directio'n'r In the drawings, A A is the case, and B thespindle; the pluggers,c d, are socketed into the spindle, the former by being slipped in and the latter by being screwed in. Slipping freely upon the spindle is a hollow cylinder, e, which forms a hammer, when driven by the spring f, against the enlargement h of the spindle. The hammer is raised by the engagement olithe' catch 2' of the spring piece 9, which is fastened by the socketing of its bent end, k, into the spindle B. The hammer a has a groove in which lies the end of the spring g. To the lower part of the case is attached a rod, l, which, at its upper end, supports the hammer e by engagement with the pins in the groove, the inclined portion on acting as a trip tothe. spring throwing it outwardly and disengaging the catch 11 from the hammer, which immediately descends under the impulse of the spring f upon the enlargement I). of the spindle 13, giving the required blow and causing the face or point of the plugger to compact the metal in the cavity of the tooth under treatment. The case A being held in the hand, the pressure of the plugger at the end of the spindle condenses the spring 1), and by the en'gagemon'tof the catch with the hammer raises the latter and condenses thespring f; the spring catch-piece g slips in the groove of the hammer until its tapered end is pushed outwardly by the incline on the tripper Z, which dise'hgages the hammer and allows it to descend as before described. The hammer in its normal state does not rest uppn the anvil or enlargement, 7:, but is sustained by the rod, and the spindle 'project'ed so far, as is permit-ted by a pin on the spindle, which engages with a shoulder on the case. The power of the spring f is regulated bythe cap a, which may be screwed's'o far on to the cylindrical portion of the case as may be desirable; the further it'm screwed on the more condensed and powerful will be the spring, and conversely. Fig. 5 shows a construction of\ the cap piece a by which the cylindrical portion of the case screws upon a socket and is itself covered by the cap, showing no thread upon the exterior. The hook:shaped plugger d is so attached to the spindle as to move with it on all occasions when attached; and is to be used in conjunction with the plugger a for plugging holes in teeth, whether posterior or ahterion- The tool dis used by placing the hooked point against the gold and pulling frcni the tooth, while the tool e is pressed directly against the metal in the tooth, the hammer in the tformer case moving away from the tooth, and in the latter case moving towards the tooth, and in either case stfiking against a shoulder on the spindle, to one or both ends of which is secured a plugger. The cap and cylindrical portion of the case being removed, all the interior working portions are displayed, and remain attached tb'the central spindle, exposed for examination or repair. The vulcaniteor vulcanized rubber, 2, on the striking end of the hammer, prevents the sharp concussion of metal on metal. v

I make no claim to the invention described in the United States Patent-No. 50,633. I have combined with an invention in principle likv that therein described a'means or device by which I can hammer gold or other fillings into the posterior cavity of a tooth, such means being the hook or projection hereinbefore mentioned. Therefore, what I claim as my invention, is-:

1. Acombinetion composcrl of the hook, or its equivalent, the spindle, the hammer and mechanism, substantially as described, or its equivalent, for operating such hammer, as and for the purpose aforesaid.

2. I'also claim the combination as well as the arrangement of the direct-pi cssure and hack-action pluggers, vq'ith'the hammer, its ease, and mechanisin for operating such hammer, substantially as and for the purpose specified; I i v The above specification of my improved dental instrument signed this 26th day of April, 1866.

' I. A. SALMON.

Witnesses: v

D. H. GOODNO, L. O. Bnowm- 

